Optimal. Leaf size=408 \[ -\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.33, antiderivative size = 408, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 21, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.286, Rules used = {1123, 12, 1140, 493, 424, 419} \[ -\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}\right ) \sqrt {\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 12
Rule 419
Rule 424
Rule 493
Rule 1123
Rule 1140
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx &=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\int \frac {c x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx}{a}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {c \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx}{a}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\left (c \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}-\frac {\left (\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{2 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}+\frac {\left (\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac {\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}}{\sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{2 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}{a x}+\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} E\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}-\frac {\left (b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}\right ) \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {2} a \sqrt {c} \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.43, size = 283, normalized size = 0.69 \[ \frac {\frac {i \left (\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}-b\right ) \sqrt {\frac {4 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}-b}+2} \sqrt {1-\frac {2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}} \left (E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )-F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2+4 a c}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {-\frac {c}{\sqrt {4 a c+b^2}+b}}}-\frac {4 a}{x}-4 b x+4 c x^3}{4 a \sqrt {a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [F] time = 0.87, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ {\rm integral}\left (-\frac {\sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{c x^{6} - b x^{4} - a x^{2}}, x\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} x^{2}}\,{d x} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [A] time = 0.01, size = 241, normalized size = 0.59 \[ \frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}+4}\, \sqrt {\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}+4}\, \left (-\EllipticE \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, x}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) b}{a c}-4}}{2}\right )+\EllipticF \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, x}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) b}{a c}-4}}{2}\right )\right ) c}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {-c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{a x} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a} x^{2}}\,{d x} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2\,\sqrt {-c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a}} \,d x \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{2} \sqrt {a + b x^{2} - c x^{4}}}\, dx \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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